Vapor Chamber Cooling

A vapor chamber is a flat, sealed copper chamber containing a small amount of working fluid (typically deionised water). At the hot spot (CPU IHS or GPU die), the fluid evaporates, carrying latent heat across the entire chamber surface where it condenses on cooler fin-array sides and wicks back via sintered copper powder. This provides a dramatically more uniform heat spreading surface than traditional copper heat pipes, reducing hot-spot-to-heatspreader temperature delta. Used in ASUS ROG Ryujin III 360 AIO, Cooler Master PL360 Flux, and NVIDIA RTX 4090 Founders Edition GPU cooler.